No. The procedure is performed under general or spinal anaesthesia, so there is no pain during surgery. Post-operative discomfort is usually mild and well-controlled with simple painkillers. Most patients are discharged the next day.

With modern laser enucleation (ليزر الهولميوم / ThuLEP), most patients return to normal activity within 1–2 weeks. The catheter is usually removed within 24–48 hours. Full urinary function typically stabilises within 4–6 weeks.

Small stones under 5 mm have a good chance of passing spontaneously with adequate hydration. Stones between 5–10 mm may pass but often need medical facilitation. Stones over 10 mm usually require intervention such as laser ureteroscopy or PCNL.

Yes, in most cases. Stress incontinence responds well to pelvic floor physiotherapy and surgical slings. Urgency incontinence is treated with medications, Botox injections, or sacral neuromodulation. The right treatment depends on the type and underlying cause.

With flexible ureteroscopy (RIRS), most patients go home the same day and return to work within 2–3 days. PCNL for larger stones typically requires 1–2 nights in hospital and 1–2 weeks of recovery. Both procedures leave no external scars.